Instruction Set Architecture (ISA)

Compiler Code Generation: How LLVM Turns IR into x86-64 and ARM64 Assembly

Between the hardware-agnostic world of LLVM Intermediate Representation (IR) and the raw binary bytes your CPU executes lies the backend pipeline—the most platform-specific, meticulously engineered phase of the compiler. In our previous deep dive into LLVM IR, we explored how the compiler represents your logic using an infinite number of virtual registers and generic instructions.…